An Article On The Journal Of Family Practice - 1654 Words

In June 2015 J. Sloan Manning, MD wrote an article in the Supplement to The Journal of Family Practice where is states that bipolar is linked to many other conditions. People that suffer from bipolar most likely have some other condition that can be liked together. The life style that someone carries can have an impact on them. So it is best to be aware of your surroundings and what is best for each person. Several lifestyle behaviors and risk factors, including sedentary life style(being inactive or seated) , tobacco smoking, and obesity, are recognized as being significantly influential in bipolar symptom progression and functional impairment (J. Sloan Manning, MD, 20145). Certain behaviors that someone does can lead them to have early†¦show more content†¦Sloan Manning, MD, 2015). Even though it is not known what really causes someone to become bipolar, there are other life style choices and activities that can have an impact on someone being bipolar or not. There are man y other conditions that can be associated with bipolar disorder. To help manage one condition the other has to be managed as well. In J. Sloan Manning, MD’s article there is a graph from 2 studies that were done in 2014. The graph is showing how people living with bipolar I and bipolar II have other such conditions that they are struggling with. It is important to get this disorder treated as soon as possible, to lessen the chances of developing another unwanted disorder. Consequently, choice of clinical treatment still occurs largely on the basis of reducing target symptoms (psychosis, depression, mania/hypomania and anxiety), resulting often in use of multiple medical or psychological therapies (Hickie, 2014). To avoid making this diagnosis worse, it is better to get the current symptoms under control as soon as possible. According to Passos, Jansen and Kapczinski, people that have been diagnosed with being bipolar have showed signs of this disorder before they were diagnosed. Certain medical condition can be present before the actual diagnoses such as anxiety. A staging model suggests that the way that bipolar disorder progresses is through a predictable manner with stage appropriate treatments (Passos, Jansen,

How Is The Organization Described The Case Study

How is the organization described in the case study? The GM organization has been described as an organization with great culture crisis, the story in the study screams culture problems in the organization where employees are fired, many policy and procedures changes at without prior notice to them. Culture encompasses all the values and behaviors that constitute to a unique socialization which is a component of a healthy working environment for employees (Fullan, M. (2001). Culture greatly influences the organization s output and performance; it as well provides better guidelines on customer care and service in addition to the concern for the environment. Among other reasons, the GM culture has been described as a culture full of crisis in the study. The ignition switch issue in the study is articulated to the company’s culture; numerous parties touched the issue concerning the engineers, investigators, and lawyers. No one among these groups raised the problem to the highest level of the company to the point when it caused harm to the company’s name as well as employees lives, this justifies that the company had great culture crisis since good culture practices usually portray a good image to the company. What are its key attributes? What are its strengths and weaknesses? The key attributes to these culture problems in GM Company is an issue of autonomy and task identity in the organization. Basing on the kind of experiences that the company has concerning theShow MoreRelatedThe Case Study Western National Insurance898 Words   |  4 PagesEvery organization is at risk for financial hardship. It takes a strong, dedicated leader to bring a company out of loss and turn it around. This is what happened at Western Insurance Agency from the late 1990s to the early 2000s. Stu Henderson, the newly hired CEO at the time, brought the organization back to success by supporting and engaging stakeholders. 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Defining Military Discipline and Values free essay sample

Military Discipline Is a state of order and obedience existing within a command. Self discipline In the military Is where soldiers do the 4 rights without being told, even In the absence of the commander. Discipline is created within a unit by instilling a sense of confidence and responsibility in each individual. To strengthen discipline, senior leaders need to give praise to their subordinates, either individually or as a whole, for tasks done well. By doing this, It will accomplish every commanders goal of having a unit that functions well and builds a bond which binds together the team.Everything in life requires some sort of discipline. Whether it is hitting a baseball, learning to sew , playing a musical instrument, making good grades or brushing your teeth It all comes down to a matter of discipline. The dictionary defines punctual as: Acting or arriving exactly at the time appointed, prompt. Under the rolled and disciplined structure of military life there is no margin for error. Procrastination or being late may cost lives on the battle field.There are many examples of where being late for something could cause dire consequences, such as showing up later than the appointed time for guard duty could cause a breech In security and cause a brutal sacred of the base. Being punctual also helps your leaders to know where you are at all times. If they do not know where you are they might not know you are sleeping in your bed and might think that you were In a car crash or even kidnapped by terrorists because you chose to display you name or rank at your house. Loyalty is defined as a strong feeling of support or allegiance.I agree fully with this definition. Being loyal is one of the most important of the Army values. Being loyal is sticking up for someone or something even though it Isnt the normal vernacular or behavior of society or even your social circle. An example Is when a soldier Is talking bad about an NCO and another soldier sticks up for the NCO not only because they can get into trouble for talking like that, but because it is the right thing to do. It helps build a unit and unites them and builds trust. Missing PET on Wednesday was a prime example of disloyalty. If I was punctual and made sure the alarm was set the night before, I wouldnt have let the team down. It showed the unit that I couldnt be trusted with the smallest of tasks, such as being on time. Had I been more disciplines, I would have been more aware of the fact that the alarm was not set. Duty is the easiest to define. It is doing what you are supposed to do when you are supposed to do it. Simply, it is your job. As air traffic controllers, our first duty priority is to separate aircraft and issue safety alerts as required. If we neglected this priority, then we would lose tons of valuable lives. It was my duty to show up to PET on time. By deselecting this duty I let down my unit. Self discipline is the vital key to duty. If you dont have self discipline you wont know what right is, or you will know what it is but you wont have the discipline to do it. The 4 rights take a lot of discipline. It is our duty to accomplish the 4 rights: right time, right place, right uniform/ equipment, and right attitude. By missing PET. I failed to accomplish all 4 or the rights as I was told to do so. OFF respect someone, it Just means they have more experience and you have to listen to them. It takes hard work and discipline to earn and keep someones trust and respect. When I am late, my leaders no longer trust that I will be on time for the next formation, class, or appointment. Being punctual is the easiest way to earn someones trust and respect. When you are self disciplined enough to be on time it shows your traders that you can be trusted and they will bestow more responsibility on you and will help you to be a better leader which will make them and your peers respect you more. Respect is one of those things where it takes a long time to earn but you can lose it in an instant and it takes even longer to get back the second time. Selfless service is looking out for other people even if it wont benefit you. It is a service which is performed without any expectation of result or award for the person performing it. A great example was when I was out at the Titanics for the second half f the day pulling guard, the rest of the company got to go home and my NCO came out to relieve me. Even though it was hot and I know he wanted to go home, he let me go home instead. I was being selfish by not being on time.I wasted my chain of commands time to have them call me and find out that I was still sleeping and to waist my battle buddies time waiting for my NCO to call me. The more disciplined you are the more you realize that by helping out the unit will really benefit you too. When you help your battle buddy with their rucksack so they dont hurt themselves ally you are helping the unit. That soldier will be able to perform the mission better because you helped him. Had you not, he might have sprained an ankle or pulled a muscle, therefore, not completing the mission because hes in the hospital.Honor can be defined in so many ways. The way that I define honor is the show of respect and esteem to another. Also, its the devotion to ones unit, family or country. By being undisciplined and late to PET on Wednesday, I was showing dishonor rather than honor. I wasnt showing that I am devoted to my unit. I wasnt showing that I am devoted to my country. When I finally arrived to PET a half hour late, it would have been more honorable and disciplined to stay and do PET by myself, rather than leave when I didnt see any one from my unit.In a way that I was showing honor was the fact that I managed to overcome the fear of being in trouble and still come to PET, even though I was late. If you are dedicated to your unit and are punctual and self disciplined, it will over all help the unit and your leaders keep track of their soldiers and thus, help the morale of the unit. Integrity ties in a lot with honor. My definition is the ability to admit when you are rang. According to dictionary. Com, integrity is defined as the adherence to moral and ethical principles. I violated my integrity when I showed up to late to PET.If I had been punctual, it would have showed that I have good morals. It would have showed that I believe in the golden rule, do unto others and u would have them do unto you. I would not like it if I was an NCO and I had a soldier late, which then I would have to explain to my supervisor where my soldier was and by me not knowing would reflect bad on me. Another example of the golden rule is if I went to an appointment that I his practice. Personal courage stands out as the main trait I should have explored to ensure I was on time.I should have had the courage to ask my husband if the alarm was checked or I should have checked it myself without fear of him getting mad at me for double checking. The basic building block of selfless service is the commitment of each team member or soldier to go a little further, endure a little longer, and look a little closer to see how he or she can add to the effort. If each soldier takes the initiative to work just a little harder we can accomplish the mission that much faster and to a better degree. But it takes the whole team as a unit, as one, to attain this goal.As I strive on to be a better soldier and take the initiative to be a leader in todays Army, I look a little closer at each of these values. There is always something to work on personally and objectively. To me, being late to PET wasnt that big of a deal, but if I look at the whole picture it is. If I look deeper as to what m actions are saying, I realize Just how important appearance really is. If I am perceived to be a bad soldier that that is the way I will be treated. I will continue to strive to do the right thing and follow the advice of my leaders.

Equity bank case study free essay sample

Equity bank group is a financial institution based in Kenya, East Africa, offering a variety of financial services. This company was founded in 1984 as a minor institution, specializing in mortgage financing, which targeted the low income earners. Based on the fact that Kenya is a developing country characterized by majority of citizens earning less than adequate income, the target population acted as strength and thus contributed to the company’s instant growth. However equity bank, which was known as Equity Building Society (EBS) by then, experienced a downfall in growth an aspect that led to its bankruptcy in 1993. The pre-insolvency period totally differed with the period of 1993 to date in terms of equity banks economic progress, with the former showing a great decline and drastic company growth during the latter (Stanford 2007). To date equity bank is rated among the best bank in retail baking in Kenya , offering a variety of banking services as well as collaborating with other firms to improve their services, for instance in mobile banking. It’s worth noting that banking industry in Kenya’s is highly competitive, with more than 40 registered commercial banks. In an effort to overcome this competition, equity bank targeted low income earners who happened to be non-banked. After the 1993 scandal, EBS transformed from a mortgage financier to microfinance. The target group wasn’t changed, but this time a better approach in strategy formulation was adopted. Following a threat by the Central bank of Kenya to dissolve the insolvent bank, the management was reformed as an alternative option. Following porter’s argument that competitive advantage cannot be generated through natural resources (Porter 73), the new management built on the same target population that had caused failure to the company, but this time applying a more innovative strategy. Human resource is a key factor in banking services. Lack of skilled labour in Kenya worked as a disadvantage to equity banks prosperity. However the bank management avoided importation of skilled labour. Top management worked with the semi- skilled staff. Attributed to this success is James Mwangi’s leadership characterized by motivating employees, providing systematic training that not only increases competency and technical skills but also enhanced competency as observed in 2004. Moreover, accepting the importance of technology, equity bank has allowed for innovation, inventing the latest technology. To start with the IT sector has been improving on the banks communication system, and thus reducing the transaction processing period drastically. As a matter of facts, large numbers of customers has been a threat to equity bank, as it results to large queues, with competitors using this as a marketing opportunity (Stanford 2007). In addition to reduced processing time, equity bank has opened several branches to cater for their customers, both permanent and mobile, with most transactions being made either online or through mobile phones. Competition reduces firm’s sales as the market is fully segmented with each firm serving a fraction of the market. Porter discriminated that demand is naturally obtained, holding that a nation can influence demand. According to porter local market trends, which can be artificially influenced, act as a competitive advantage as well as encourage global transactions (Porter 79). It’s from this perspective that equity bank has expanded its business lines. Although restricted to banking services, equity bank puts diversification as a core objective. In 2005, equity bank succeeded to fully transform from a mortgage financing provider to a savings and loans institution (Equity bank). Following the emergence of many microfinance firms that served the poor, equity bank had no option but expand its services to retain its share of the market. This strict and direct competition, made equity bank diversify through innovation. To cater for deposits, equity bank ha maintained a steady increase in the number of accounts opened. Each account type fits a specific group of customers and is in line with the buyer’s incentive to save. For instance, the jijenge1 account enhances self-development motivating customers to save for a certain project, for example a car (Equity Bank Kenya †¢ Jijenge Account). Equity bank was the first to waive minimum account balances. On the lending sector, equity bank has maintained low interest rates, as well as reducing the minimum amount of loans that can be borrowed to Ksh. 500 (approximately equal to 6 US dollars) in 2006. The above strategies aimed at convincing customers that the company minds about their welfare and thus reducing threat of substitutes (Porter 80). In a nutshell, equity banks strategies, differed from most financial institutions, and that’s what made it prosper. While other financial institutions forecasted on improving their performance through collusive decisions, government intervention, the small but rising, equity bank captured the low income earners p. The local conditions of majority being poor worked as an advantage but given that other entrepreneurs had seen the gap and invented microfinance, equity bank had to lift up their game. Moreover, as the banks prosperity attracted high income earners, considered to have a high buyer’s power, the firm invented prestige branches, which were conditioned to fit the targeted class. Through, stiff competition among other challenges, equity bank management has emerged a successful and innovative, and thus attracting demand globally, its due to this that the bank has set branches in several nations across east Africa. In conclusion, it’s worth noting that, equity bank prospered not due to adequate demand for their services (availability of poor community) but through carefully made strategies. All the strategies that have been put in practice by the ban are influenced by external factors. Case Study: Equity Bank’s winning strategies Introduction It’s a common act for the middle and high income earners to have a bank account make savings in form of deposits and taker loans to finance their projects, courtesy of financial institutions. On the other hand, the poor, whose main objective is to secure basic needs, hustling hard on daily basis have been excluded from the banked list. As a matter of fact, a higher percentage of developing countries’ population is categorized in the latter. Kenya’s equity bank, a highly progressing institution in terms of customer base, capital growth and expansion, operational efficiency among other metrics fills this market gap. Background Equity bank was founded in 1984, as a family business as a mortgage financier. Named as equity building society the institutions management failed to accomplish the business’ goal of gradual but long term growth. In contrary the management focused more on building a close relationship with the owners, increasing the firms lending risks through unprofessional projects that lacked standardization and controls. This led to the firm’s deterioration leaving it almost bankrupt in 1993 (Stanford School). On realizing this, the board of directors reformed the management team, recruiting prominent members. Under the new management, the target population was maintained, but new strategies were set forward. This marked Equity bank’s turnaround from a failing institution to a drastically growing business institution. As a matter of fact, equity bank management started expanding its services by transforming the institution from mortgage financier to a loans and savings institution, an objective achieved in 2005. Under the leadership of James Mwangi, the bank has enhanced growth by taking advantage of the ready market of their services, and defeating competition through innovation and technology (Stanford School). To date equity bank is ranked as one of the best performing financial institution, with the highest number of customers in Kenya. Strategies With the main goal of achieving long term growth as well as stable and increasing returns, equity bank only applies winning strategies, which are well researched on and implemented. Operating under strict competition by emerging microfinances and other commercial banks, equity bank focuses on delivering value to consumers, disciplined cost management and increasing productivity all which are aimed at sustaining the momentum of the set growth. Having worked as an assistant branch manager in several branches in based in the marginalized counties in the country, I have seen the strategies work, both in increasing profitability as well as customer relation. Equity bank maintains a unique funding structure as one of their strategies. Contrary to their competitors, equity bank avoids debt financing. To finance its many expansion projects, technological advancement, not excluding IT improvement, equity bank takes advantage of strong saving deposits by customers, shareholders funds with minimal long-term debt financing (Equity Bank Kenya †¢ Equity Bank’s Strategy Increases Profits by 36 percent | Blog. ). To encourage deposits, equity bank maintains specialized accounts that specifically fit several categories of customers. Moreover, many accounts are branded to fit a certain customers’ goal such as school fees account, achievers student account, junior member and teen member accounts and not excluding the general Jijenge account. This motivates customers to deposit as well as delaying withdrawal, hence providing not only operating capital to the bank but also adequate time to invest the capital which increases the firms competition power (Roger 200). Equity bank also issues new shares regularly to finance major projects. The number of shareholders has been increasing with investors being attracted by the stable and raising share price. While other banks issue shares to reduce debt, equity bank issues share capital to expand, opening more branches and improving on IT and overall performance (Fanele Chester). Banks earn their profits by lending at an interest mere than the one they pay to deposits. This makes the loan section a critical. Equity bank capitalizes on incorporating the customers’ needs and objectives to lure them obtain loans. It is the main goal of any client, be it individual or business, to enhance self-growth. Focusing on low income class, equity bank offers loans to Small and Medium sized Enterprise (SME) at interests lower than their competitors(Equity Bank Kenya †¢ Equity Bank’s Strategy Increases Profits by 36 percent | Blog. ). Given that deposits are obtained from the same class of people and at low interests, profit margins are maintained equal to their competitors. However, the number of transactions undertaken by equity bank outdoes their competitors resulting to higher overall profits. Moreover, the loans are also specialized for instance; social covering social needs such as medical, agricultural, private sector, working nation that gives salary advances. In addition loan requirements based on pre-existing property was waived in 2006 increasing the number of viable loan customers. In a nutshell, equity bank has grown amazingly and still sustains its growth rate. Its loans base has been rising with the greatest rise in SME loans of 45% being recorded in 2012(Initiative for Global Development). This goes hand in hand with increased operational efficiency, with emphasis being made on improving the skills of employees as well as upgrading the IT system, not excluding introduction of bank agents to cater for the growing customer base of nearly 8 million. its worthy noting that equity banks observes all professional and business ethics and thus has played a major role in poverty elimination through efficient allocation of capital as well as increasing the countries revenue through high tax payoff.

Joshua Wegner Essays - German Idealism, Kantianism,

Joshua Wegner Philosophy 101 12/07/00 Trentacoste Immanuel Kant vs. Joshua Wegner THE RIGHT TO PUNISH: RETRIBUTIVISM As a society we all accept the fact that if you do something wrong you must be held responsible for your actions and pay the consequences. We all accept the concept of punishment, even though we are aware that we, ourselves, could one day be subjected to answer for our actions. While we may all be in favor of punishment in general, it is often debated upon how or why we punish a criminal. According to Immanuel Kant's Retributivism argument, "the punishment must be in exact proportion to the severity of the wrongdoing..." (Kant, 585) Kant believes that crime causes the scale of justice to be imbalanced, and claims that punishment restores that balance. While I agree that Kant's motives for punishment are reasonable, I find his solution to be weak in some areas, and/or absurd. Before one can refute or defend a philosophical argument, he must first understand it. Kant's concept of Retributivism is a simple one; the punishment must equal the crime. It is important to note that Kant defines crimes as "Any transgression of the public law which makes him who commits it incapable of being a citizen" (Kant 586). "While criminals do not actually will their own punishment, their rational selves will the system of laws that involves the punishment they deserve." It is equally important to note that it is only the right of the sovereign as the supreme power to punish. His argument accuses all other standards as being "wavering and uncertain..." "...On account of other considerations involved in them, they contain no principal conformable to the sentence of pure and strict justice." (Kant 587) Everyone has their own ideas on why a criminal should be punished. Maybe it gives us a sense of security. Perhaps it offers us a piece of mind. In some situations, punishment may be thought of as ?help' for the criminal, rehabilitation, or possibly revenge. Along with the vast majority, Kant agrees on the importance of punishment; however, his theory is a little different. Equilibrium. In order for society to be balanced according to Kant, the punishment must equal or ?cancel out' the crime. While I don't disagree with his motives, I feel that there are many that he ignores. Shouldn't we take them all into account? The concept of punishment in itself is rarely questioned; however, the question of how we punish the convicted is still widely debated. According to Kant's theory, the answer is fairly simple: the punishment must fit the crime. Immanuel Kant is definitely one of those "eye for an eye, tooth for a tooth", guys. He looks at society as a scale. Crime is placed on one end, making the scale unbalanced. In order to balance that scale, an equal amount of punishment must go on the other end. The problem occurs when we try to compare crime with punishment. There is no definite amount or degree of punishment that equals a certain amount of crime. It's like comparing a quantity of ?x' with a quantity of ?y'. Without a specific value assigned to both ?x' and ?y', the only way to compare the two is with speculation. Speculation leads to an imprecise resolution, thus resulting in an unbalanced scale (whether it be ever so slight). If there is no definite way to ?balance the scale', Kant's argument proves to be uncertain or fallible. On top of that uncertainty, there are several situations that make Kant's argument more questionable. To help clarify these uncertainties, Kant suggests that, "the undeserved evil which any one commits on another, is to be regarded as perpetrated on himself (Kant, 587)."While his argument provides solutions to many questionable situations, his answers are still a little shaky. Let's take theft, for example. According to Kant, he who steals makes the property of others insecure. Therefore, he robs himself of all property and security. Though he has the will to live, he cannot have or acquire anything. The problem with Kant's argument on theft is that there are varying degrees of theft. Suppose a person robs a bank, while another steals a piece of candy. Should the two suffer the same consequence? According to Kant, they

Johann Gutenberg and the Printing Press essays

Johann Gutenberg and the Printing Press essays Nearly five hundred and fifty years ago, Johann Gutenberg revolutionized the world when he developed the first printing press with movable metal type in Europe in 1450. History repeated itself thirty years ago, when the world was revolutionized again when the Internet was developed. The Internet provided, like the printing press, new ways for people to communicate ideas and is probably the most important way of communication and medium of the new "Millennium-Generation." In the past, in the present and especially in the future the Internet will certainly have a really great value for the society, economy and politics. This medium changed how information was spread throughout the world. and lowered the cost of spreading information. Five hundred years after the invention of the movable metal type printing press, the Internet was invented. A government project, the first type of computer networking began in 1969 to connect university computers across the United States. Unlike the printing press, the project was initiated to compete with Russia in the Space Race. The project was not the invention of just one person. This project was led by the Advanced Research Projects Agency and was further developed by BBN in Cambridge. By January 1971, over a dozen different universities across the United States were "online" with one another. For its first twenty years, the Internet was solely used and regulated by the government for research and education uses. In 1991, the University of Minnesota created the first friendly "Internet system" where a simple menu system was used to access files from a University based network. Similar systems named "gophers" were available over the world within a few years. In July 1992, the Internet became available for commercial uses. Widespread ownership of personal computers in the 1990's led to a commercial market for the Internet. Since the early 1990's, the Internet has become a place where informatio...

Case analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Case analysis - Assignment Example For example, in 2010 the company recorded low profits for the holiday quarter. The management blamed the sluggish global economy for the decrease in profits. Additionally, the Wal-Mart’s management argued that the cuts in food stamps would have a negative impact on the profits. They further singled out high taxation, reduce in government benefits, and tighter credit as threats to the store’s profits. 4. The store evolves around with social trends. For instance, Wal-Mart’s top management has embraced online shopping. Additionally, the business goes in line with the customers’ demand for healthier foods. However, Wal-Mart did not embrace the use of technology early. The store’s founder, Sam Walton, did not care about technology. Currently, the store’s website is behind its competitors. Their marketing in the social media did not yield much success. The alternative is for the store to give the best customer experience to its customers and hire employees that would give better service to the customers. Additionally, they have to make their business more attractive by making classy colors inside the store. Furthermore, the store has to give low prices to their goods. An improvement in the store’s public image will be a sign that they have improved the customer experience. If there will be an increase in the number of customers, it will be evident the store has reduced its prices and the goods are more affordable to all. A general rise in the profits will indicate the store has implemented all its alternatives. The company will be in the right direction if it improves the customer experience. However, no one can fulfill human wants because they are insatiable. Additionally, a reduction in price in order to attract more customers would hurt the store’s profits. The paper recommends the store to open more branches. It will make the store become more popular globally. The management should consider more

Annotated Bibliography& Academic Criticism Research Paper

Annotated Bibliography& Academic Criticism - Research Paper Example Such well-constructed annotations make all the difference when they are attached to a scholarly research paper. The skills required for such concise exposition has to be developed in a measured manner. A well-chosen annotated bibliography can raise the value of the research work and inform the reader of its reliability at the same time. Developing annotated biography demands greater intellectual and analytical skills. In order to achieve such skills of the higher order, greater efforts are needed and working on annotated bibliography equip the researcher with such finer skills besides familiarising them with formatting and other such aspects of creating annotated bibliography. In brief, the paper aims at developing the appropriate skills required to construct annotated bibliography which is well-directed, without compromising the refinement that it demands. Introduction The feedback received from peers and tutor can be summarised as below. The format of an annotated bibliography is s ignificant and its concise style holds the key. It has to be pithy and condensed. A forceful and uninterrupted progression of the thought stripped of all the details is an essential ingredient. Furthermore, a lucid style can retain the interest of the reader and convey the message or theme straightaway. It is worthwhile to keep in mind that the reader has greater importance than anybody else and therefore a narrative style that focuses on the theme and interest the reader has to be maintained throughout. Next up, the annotation must present the central argument vividly and convincingly. Listing the content is not the task on hand; the central recurring theme and the authority of the author are to be established beyond any doubt. It is always good to appraise and analyse the source content critically and evaluate its merit commenting on the author’s approach and way of presentation. In short, annotations are critical, concise and evaluative. Ebegbulem, J. C.(11June 2012).Corru ption and leadership crisis in Africa: Nigeria in focus. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 3 (11): 221-227. The paper by Ebogbulem throws light on the rampant corruption and inept leadership that plague post-independent Africa especially Nigeria. A country rich in natural resources bear the brunt of illiteracy, unemployment, malnutrition and poverty. Ebegbulem (2012) discuses in detail the factors that have contributed to the present crisis in Nigeria, that has brought democracy and economic growth to a standstill. Economic mismanagement and fraudulent misappropriation by people in power has spelled economic disaster, causing abject poverty for the people. The author further argues that the leadership crisis has been triggered by corruption. The paper categorically states that the leadership, both democratic and military, has ever inflicted untold miseries on the Nigerians, robbing public wealth. Ebegbulem goes on to examine how the democratic stability and econo mic growth are affected when corruption and its resultant bad governance strikes. Ebegbulem concludes that a strong leadership committed to the welfare of the people alone can reverse the trend. In the context of Nigeria the author drives home the point that corruption and bad governance destabilising the democracy and economy are entwined. The paper brings into limelight the stark realities haunting Nigeria. The narrative style is straightforward and objective. Obo,U. B &Obo E. B. (7 July 2013). Public Policies and the Crisis of Underdevelopment in Nigeria: A Critical

Sufficient Staff Training for Prevention and Management of Violence in Research Proposal

Sufficient Staff Training for Prevention and Management of Violence in Acute Inpatient Psychiatric and mental health care Units - Research Proposal Example This essay discusses that over the years, researchers have stressed on the relationship between caregivers and clients. Special consideration to this relationship is given in terms of behavioral health sciences because of the increased potential for aggression with this client population. Mental health caregivers can considerably reduce the number of violent incidents that are more likely to happen in an acute inpatient psychiatric unit. Studies have revealed that healthcare workers including nurses, physicians, psychologists and social workers are likely to experience physical assault or verbal violence from patients in behavioral health units. The amount of violence has increased in various workplaces and researchers such as Rippon have identified exposure to violence as a significant problem for health care professional as well. The need to offer timely staff training programs to the healthcare professions for the prevention and management of violence has been pointed out by such researchers as Doughty; Warshaw & Messite; and Flannery et al. Similarly, the adverse effects and negative consequences of patient violence on the health care workers have also been pointed out by such researchers as Doughty and Stathopoulou. The before and after studies conducted by researchers such as Calabro, Mackey and Williams have also revealed that staff training enhances the knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, and behavioral intention of the participants towards violence in the work place.... ers including nurses, physicians, psychologists and social workers are likely to experience physical assault or verbal violence from patients in behavioral health units. The amount of violence has increased in various workplaces and researchers such as Rippon have identified exposure to violence as a significant problem for health care professional as well (Rippon, 2000). The need to offer timely staff training programs to the healthcare professions for the prevention and management of violence has been pointed out by such researchers as Doughty (2005); Warshaw & Messite (1996); and Flannery et al (2000). Similarly, the adverse effects and negative consequences of patient violence on the health care workers have also been pointed out by such researchers as Doughty (2005) and Stathopoulou (2003). The before and after studies conducted by researchers such as Calabro, Mackey and Williams (2002) have also revealed that staff training enhances the knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, and b ehavioral intention of the participants towards violence in the work place. Training staff servicing in psychiatric and mental health care units are more likely to experience incidents of violence and therefore it is imperative that further researches are undertaken in this regard to identify how far staff training helps in preventing violence in acute health care units. The main objective of this research is to evaluate the correlation of trained staff working in acute inpatient psychiatric units and the number of violent incidents observed within the milieu. The research aims to give prominence to the need of training which is required to prevent and manage the incidents of violent episodes. This research will be helpful for the population in the medical field including nurses, doctors,

Gordon Gekko Character Analysis

Gordon Gekko Character Analysis The paper will describe a character, Gordon Gekko from Wall Street (Edwin Stone, 1987) from a psychoanalytic perspective of Dr. Sigmund Freud. This paper will pair several quotes of Gordon Gekko with the appropriate perceived diagnosed disorder. In particular, this will illustrate Gekkos two personality disorders: Antisocial Personality Disorder and the Narcissistic Personality Disorder. The paper will conclude by summarizing these faults and then present an opinion of how well these theories describe the person in question. Psychoanalysis of Gordon Gekko Bud Fox, a stockbroker has been relentless in arranging a meeting with his hero Gordon Gekko. He has called his office, every day, for over a month, but his attempts have failed miserably. He notices that it is Gordons birthday and as a final effort to get to the man he admires he pays a visit to Gordons offices in Manhattan. Armed with a box of the finest and most expensive Cuban cigars Bud makes his way to the receptionist. She returns after delivering the cigars and has Bud take a seat. After an hour has passed, she tells Bud he has five minutes with Mr. Gekko. His persistence and desperation to get to the top and work with the person he admires has now come down to this moment. As Bud walks into the office, he notices it is everything he could have imagined. The furniture, latest computer systems and view of downtown Manhattan give him a taste of the life he so desperately wants. Gordon positioned behind his desk is talking on the phone as Bud is admiring his surroundings. Gordon finally acknowledges Bud and asks him his intentions. Bud is there to pitch stocks to Gordon in hopes of landing him as a client, but quickly realizes he is not prepared as Gordon constantly calls his recommendations crap and is unimpressed. He finally tells Bud to give him something or get out. Knowing that he is losing his opportunity, Bud gives Gordon insider information on a stock that he received from his father the day before on an airline business his father works for. Gordon has Bud leave with the understanding he will think about it. Later that day Gordon calls Bud and places an order for the stock. After doing research on Bud, Gordon understands how Bud became aware of the insider information. He is impressed with the move and takes Bud under his wing, but challenges him to find new information at all costs on future stock deals and hostile takeovers. He tells Bud his five hundred dollar suits are not up to par and to invest in new ones. As more inside deals go through, Gordon takes Bud further into his world. The relationship deepens as Bud enjoys the perks and lifestyle he is creating by working for Gordon. Bud becomes wealthy, moves into an apartment, nicer office and gets the woman of his dreams. All of this was obtained through dealings with Gordon, and Mr. Gekko reminds him who the superior man is every step of the way. The relationship takes a turn for the worse when Bud finds out that Gordon is now using the same unethical business practices with his fathers airline company. Bud decides to manipulate the stock in order to push Gordon to sell instead of buy. Even though he knows that by doing this, he will lose everything. After realizing he was played, Gordon confronts Bud in Central Park, and both physically and verbally assaults him. Gordon lets Bud know that he is still the most powerful man on Wall Street, and he is now relegated to nothing. Using Freuds psychoanalytical approach and the incorporation of which therapeutic approach should be employed in concern to the psychoanalysis of Gordon Gekko from the film Wall Street (Edwin Stone, 1987) will be twofold: 1) diagnosis, and 2) practical therapy. First, point out the evident faults; next, create a conscious awareness of these faults and determine a means by which to work around these obstacles. Dr. Sigmund Freuds psychoanalytical approach is fundamentally set around human behaviors and the unconscious. He believes humans are somehow driven by instincts and these all originate in the unconscious (Ridgeway, 2007). Based upon that, from A Glossary of Psychoanalytic Terms and Concepts (Moore, 1967), here are the three applications of Psychoanalysis: a method of investigation of the mind and the way one thinks; a systematized set of theories about human behavior; method of treatment of psychological or emotional illness. With this in mind, Gordon Gekko is now set to experience Dr. Sigmund Freuds psychoanalytical approach. From the following quote within the film a duality of psychoanalytical constituents becomes evident: In the last seven deals that Ive been involved with, there were 2.5 million stockholders who have made a pretax profit of 12 billion dollars. Thank you. I am not a destroyer of companies. I am a liberator of them! The point is, ladies and gentleman, that greed, for lack of a better word, is good. Greed is right, greed works. Greed clarifies, cuts through, and captures the essence of the evolutionary spirit. Greed, in all of its forms: greed for life, for money, for love, knowledge, has marked the upward surge of mankind Gordon Gekko, (Edwin Stone, 1987) From the view of the capitalistic mindset, this quote brings two rather evident perspectives together: it takes that perspective of the individual, the independent laborer who must make the utmost priority in watching out for the I, and then straddles that thin line between the better benefit of the group. Humans are social; we only benefit optimally by working together; humans benefit only through interactions with other humans; humans need humans to build such fortresses and provide for those 2.5 million corporate stockholders, right along with all companies and businesses in general. However, Gekko solely advocates the view of the individual while complete disregard to that of any collaborative effort. This is a red-flag to signal psychological disorders. A corporation is a legal entity separate from the persons that form it. It is a legal entity owned by individual stockholders -Gordon Gekko, (Edwin Stone, 1987). Lets start with the most apparent, Antisocial Sociopath Disorder. This illustrates certainly no regard for the concerns of others; people with this affliction will do anything to acquire self-satisfaction and feelings of self-entitlement with no respect for how their actions affect any other person. An antisocial sociopath is utterly indifferent to others around him or her. This person operates under a regime totally unfamiliar to social behaviors, including lying, cheating, and stealing. The conduct of these people goes well beyond any social norm of acceptable behavior, and purely in order to get ahead. Personality disorders typically begin in childhood, and then progress over time into rigid personality traits, obstructing social abilities and acceptable functioning when relating to other people. However, everyone can un derstand and recognize selfish behaviors, even selfish behavioral patterns, but this does not indicate that a person is becoming, has become, or may become an antisocial sociopath; one with this disorder can identify symptoms from childhood. Surely Gordon Gekko carried this affliction from an extremely early age, too. Greed is good -Gordon Gekko, (Edwin Stone, 1987). Like a puppet, greed in this situation pulls the strings motivating Gordon Gekko to operate by this tunnel focus. Yes, this personality disorder is prevalent in what we commonly perceive as spiteful, calculative, and manipulative materialists. Another feature shared by Gekko, particularly the greedy antisocial sociopathic feature of this character, rests in his complete lack of self-identification; antisocial sociopaths bring a sense of self-denial of any of this self-absorption. As much a paradox that this seems, due to the self-sacrifice he perceives because of self-denial, Gekko is so consumed in the self that he executes all his decisions with a complete lack of self-identification. Again, the antisocial sociopath disorder is the most apparent disorder of this character. In detailing how Gordon Gekko portrays the Antisocial Sociopathic qualities, Dr. Robbins conveys these characteristics: Antisocial Personality Disorder: These people generally have no regard for the rights of others; they are exploitative, they see themselves as better or superior, and are very opportunistic. They are deceitful, steal from people around them, and often have trouble with the law. They frequently engage in fraudulent activities, make very good scam artists, and tend to be irritable and impulsive. They often come in as a savior for a church, for example, and end up stealing everything. They have no remorse. Conduct disorder as a child often morphs into antisocial personality disorder. Examples include the Mafia Dapper Don John Gotti, or Tony Soprano in The Sopranos. TV shows such as Dateline or 20/20 are replete with stories revolving around antisocial personality disorders (Robbins, 2005). Gekko also displays features of the Narcissistic Personality Disorder. Understood and commonly underplayed as vanity or conceit, this personality disorder, dictates that the narcissist is right, while everyone else is wrong. If an object, ideal, occasion, etc., do not benefit the narcissist, then it is of no worth. We can all think of people who fit this ideal. We all bring these traits to the table, but the difference between a person with either of these clinical disorders and the rest of the normal crowd is that we identify these traits; any person with this clinical disorder cannot. In a nutshell, let us allow Dr. Lawrence Robbins to provide another bit of enlightenment: Narcissistic Personality Disorder: This is less common, and the people see themselves as being above others, they are grandiose, have a lack of empathy, and they feel self-important. There is a true sense of entitlement. They may be extremely vain and constantly require admiration. They are envious, arrogant, exp loitative, and can be very angry. Examples include General George Patton, Nicole Kidmans character in the movie To Die For, Michael Douglas character, Gordon Gekko, in the movie Wall Street, Kelsey Grammers character in Frazier, and the Chief of Medicine, Dr. Robert Romano on the TV show ER (Robbins, 2005). The applicable approach of Psychoanalytic therapy is to allow access to the unconscious. The treatment process can, at times, become blocked by the clients resistance (their unwillingness to provide information). Transference is a condition in which the client begins to consider their therapist in the same emotional way they would consider a person in their lives, such as a parent or sibling. Working with interpretation, resistance, and transference is sometimes called working through, a therapeutic technique in which the therapist helps the client better understand their conflicts and how to resolve them (Depression Guide, 2005). If Gordon Gekko had become a patient of Dr. Freuds I can only guess there would have been a considerable amount of time spent with free association in order to discuss child hood events, dreams or trauma that were repressed in the unconscious. Freud believed being greedy was natural, that we are born with it. He believed the unconscious was a place that consisted of unthinkable wishes and drives that needed to be socialized. Dr. Freud believed that we progressed through psychosexual stages as we grew from child to adult, and greed could be expressed in each of the stages. If you look at these stages it is easy to see where we could associate greed with each one. Oral greed could be in the form of a biting hunger-perhaps the kind that Gekko, who built his companys strategy around chewing up other companies, displayed. Gordon could have expressed anal greed either by keeping all of his money which he did in offshore bank accounts or by spending all of it on the finer things in life. Fi nally, Gordons business greed came from the ambition that characterizes phallic greed and was displayed by his desire to become the most powerful and wealthiest man on Wall Street.

The Role of Naturalism and Rationalism in American and British Gun Poli

Although they may not be aware of it, complex philosophic principles influence the simple actions of the mass’s everyday lives. In fact, long lasting and well defined contentions of basic philosophy concerning the actions of human beings has not only affected individuals, but also entire countries. Some of the greatest nations on Earth have been formed around key thoughts and opinions of several great philosophers. Primarily amongst these, however, or John Locke and Thomas Hobbes, both of whom wrote on â€Å"The State of Nature†, or the state of absolute freedom. While Locke and Hobbes had vastly different opinions on the natural state of a human being, no matter who you are your life is somehow affected by their philosophic writings. As previously stated, nations often base themselves and thusly their common laws off the chosen philosophy of the country. For instance, in the United States of America, police officers carry guns. In Great Britain, however, officers are banned from carrying extremely harmful weapons such as firearms and instead carry the classic truncheon. To the average citizen of each of these countries, the policy that their law enforcement adheres to makes perfect and logical sense, while the opposite country’s policy seems to be either dangerous and overly violent or as overly merciful. However, the reason as to why these two sibling nations differ so greatly comes down to one simple thing: the gun policy imposed on American officers are different from those used in Britain because of conflicting common philosophic beliefs found in both of the countries, where America takes on a naturalistic, believing that humans are inherently evil, viewpoint and Britain sports a rather rationali stic, where in which hum... ...ere is no need to use such extreme non-reversible and almost brutal violence on individuals which they believe can return to society. These two differing philosophic principles are the primary reason as to why the two countries differ. Whether the creators of these two countries intended for the principles of the 15th century philosophers to shape their respective nations or not, it is an undeniable fact that they obviously did and that Locke and Hobbes became two of the most influential philosophers in this way. Despite the contrasting opinions, however, it is clear to see that the philosophies on the State of Nature play an important role in forming the opinions of a country’s citizens by directly affecting their law. Be it gun laws or general culture and way of life, the theories of Naturalism and Rationalism are undeniably the basis of any nation.

Byzantine Thessaloniki

Cassander, the son of General Antipater, ruled Macedonia from 316 to 297 B. C. He founded the third capital of the Macedonian kingdom in the year 315 BC and named it Thessaloniki, after his wife. Thessaloniki was also Alexander III’s half-sister. Formed at the crucial region in the road network, Thessaloniki became the seat of Macedonia’s financial and administrative control. Thessaloniki played a historically important role during the Byzantine period (Ekdotike Athenon). It had had such fortified walls that it resisted several invasion attempts, although it had fell about four times in over thousand years.Thessaloniki was also the place where the Pythian Games were held once in every four years. An artificial harbor was also formed under Constantine the great. There is evidence that the region was inhabited even during the Neolithic period. There are several archeological sites and monuments at Thessaloniki which today highlight its glorious past. The archeological sit es include the Palace of Galerius built in 300 A. D, the Roman Baths and the Roman market and theater, while the monuments include the Galerian Arch built before 305 A. D, and the Church of Ossios David constructed during the late 5th century (Barrett M).Christianity was introduced by Apostle Paul in 50 A. D. Jews are presumed to have first settled in Thessaloniki around 140 B. C, from Alexandria, Egypt. The Jews were given considerable autonomy during the Roman period, which were later curtailed under Byzantium, with Christianity becoming the state religion. Although successive Byzantine emperors introduced restrictions on Jews, they were allowed to live by the traditions and dictates of their religion, thus developing and contributing to their heritage. When Ottoman Turks conquered Byzantine Thessalonki, the Muslims grew in prominence (Hagouel).One of the most notable features of Thessaloniki is its religious harmony with Christians, Jews and Muslims living together under Ottomans . When Sultan Murat II brought in administrative reforms for the city, he offered tax exemptions and religious autonomy to both the Christians and the Muslims. There are very few cities in the world which can claim to have been a continued metropolitan existence for such a lengthy period as the Thessaloniki. Thessaloniki was the second most important city of the Byzantine and the Ottoman empire, after Constatinople.It should be noted here that each era witnessed by Thessaloniki is today represented today by its monuments (Brown). The city remained the center of political, economic and artistic activity, retaining its urban characteristics. By the early Middle Byzantine era, the city already had a thousand year history. In the Middle Byzantine period, trade improved as demand for products from Thessaloniki increased. The traditionally exported items were wool, silk and linen. Other exported items from Thessaloniki included luxury goods bearing metal and glass work, wine, fish and fru its.The sophistication of the Byzantine Thessaloniki architecture is evident from the natural lighting planed at Rotunda at Thessaloniki. The geometric patterns associated with the monument are replicated on the mosaics. The sills of the large windows and the gold tesserae also contribute to the illumination of the mosaics. The mosaic surface is aptly inclined to correspond to the angle of light entering through the large arch shaped windows (Iliadis). The surface inclination of the mosaic also suits the light penetrating through the lunettes, arranged at dome base. Annotated bibliographyThe article by Ekdotike Athenon throws light on the founding of Thessaloniki by Cassander who named it after his wife. During the Byzantine, it was almost an invincible place. The article by Barrett emphasis its glorious past in the field of architecture. It also gives an idea of the introduction of Christianity. The article by Hagouel shows the attitude of Byzantine emperors towards Jews. While mak ing Christianity the state religion, they set restrictions on the Jews. Brown mentions Thessaloniki as one of the few cities in the world with a history of a successful trade.Iliadis looks into the sophistication of lighting at Rotunda at Thessaloniki, where the mosaic is illuminated by natural building. REFERENCES Hagouel P. I. , History of the Jews Thessaloniki and the holocaust. West Chester University of Pennsylvania (2006) [Electronic Version] Downloaded on 3rd July, 2008 from http://www. wcupa. edu/_academics/holocaust/Salonika. pdf Ekdotike Athenon S. A. , Byzantine Thessalonike [Electronic Version] Downloaded on 3rd July, 2008 from http://www. macedonian-heritage. gr/HellenicMacedonia/en/C2. 3. html Barrett M., What to see in Thessaloniki [Electronic Version] Downloaded on 3rd July, 2008 from http://www. greecetravel. com/thessaloniki/museums. html Brown. A. R. , Middle Byzantine Thessaloniki (1999) [Electronic Version] Downloaded on 3rd July, 2008 from http://socs. berkeley . edu/~arbrown/text. html Iliadis I. G. , The natural lighting of the mosaics in the Rotunda at Thessaloniki (2001) Lighting Research and Technology, Vol. 33, No. 1 [Electronic Version] Downloaded on 3rd July, 2008 from http://lrt. sagepub. com/cgi/content/abstract/33/1/13

How to Be a Pro at Your First Job After Graduating College

How to Be a Pro at Your First Job After Graduating College Congrats! You’ve snagged a job and are on the way to building your professional life. There are five things you need to know to be your best self in the workplace. Deal with your bossDo nothing but impress. If your boss asks you for something, accept the challenge and deliver the finished product without complications. Unless you’re really stumped or confused by her instructions, find a way to get it done quickly, correctly, and well. Ask questions. Make sure you know exactly what is required from you and then do that, plus a little more. When possible, don’t show anybody how the sausage is made. And never make your boss or coworkers look stupid in front of others.CommunicateYou’re not in college anymore. The jokes you and your friends thought were funny in college probably aren’t. When in doubt, act more mature than you have ever felt. Don’t gossip in the hallways, don’t write emails angry, figure out how to express yourself professio nally and concisely- when to write an email vs. pick up the phone vs. swing by someone’s cubicle. Learn to listen. Don’t blather on in meetings. Don’t ever check your phone in the middle of a conversation; it’s just rude. Be unimpeachable. Your future reputation thanks you.Deal with your coworkers in a courteous mannerBe nice. Don’t say anything inflammatory or insensitive. Try and appreciate perspectives and experiences that are not your own- who knows, you may learn something. Pick up a few troubleshooting skills to ingratiate yourself; if you’re the only Excel wizard on your team, chances are you’ll be called in to pinch hit often, and thanked profusely! Drink less than you would by half at every work function. (You’re welcome.)Dress  like a proBe neat, but not ostentatious. Don’t overdress, and definitely don’t underdress. Present yourself professionally and without flash. Invest in a few quality pieces: nic e shoes, a decent bag, clothes that fit your body type and don’t look sloppy. Keep your haircut neat. And beyond that, don’t stress too much. Let your work speak for you.  Evolve and excelYou’ve worked hard already. That’s how you got where you are. Now you just have to transition from the all-nighters and the energy drinks to the office life. Stay steady, find a project you can sink your teeth into, and keep your head down. When you make mistakes- and you will- rectify them quickly and learn from them.

Yeats poetic style

Yeats poetic style Each poem is very individual and special. There are many types of rhythms, tones, language uses and the general structure. Every one reflects a particular feeling which is felt or thought of by the poet. It is a reflection of the inner philosophy, understanding of life and others. Yeats’ poetic style is thought to be one the most memorable ones that can be analyzed.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Yeats poetic style specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Yeats’ poems have a unique poetic style which is much distinct. W. B. Yeats was a great poet who deserves a place among other famous artists. The specific characteristics of his type of poetry originality come from the spontaneous nature of the poem, and the use of alteration and substitution. In the first one, spontaneity adds a surprise to the verse, and leaves the reader wondering what will come next. As it is always a process of discovery the poem becomes even more intriguing and unexpected. In the second method of writing, using alteration and substitution gives ability to vary meanings and concepts (Unterecker, 1996). The tone of Yeats’ poems was much different in the beginning, comparing to the later one. It was characterized by being nostalgic, having a much laid back structure and appearance. It related more to the older language, and the times when poems had a much different development level. After some time, Yeats’ style changed and became more modernized. It gained much direction and became very precise and specific. Whereas previously his poetry was more â€Å"poetic†, it changed into being â€Å"to the point†, accurate and intense. It created a poetic style which provided very rhythmic and structured order and sounding. It was very vigorous and direct which left no room for hesitation and interpretation. The use of language in Yeats’ poems is very confident and passionate at the same tim e. The words are very definitive, and have power to draw attention and force the understanding. The use of affectionate words adds color and energy to the poems. The functionality of language and especially the subject matter became predominant throughout. It was a form of philosophy that aimed to educate the deeper parts of the human psyche. Even when the subject was related to passion, celebration, nostalgia or calmness, it was still very direct. As such, concrete organization has become very effective when using metaphors. Exaggeration and hyperboles started to appear more often, defining the poetic style as over dramatic and destructful (Chaudhry, 2001).Advertising Looking for essay on british literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Yeats’ style is very contrasting to that of Shakespeare’s. Even though there are a lot of unexpected turns, the language is much more direct. Shakespeare often uses a distant approach and then, the meaning appears to come together from several pieces. Yeats’ style is crisper, so the meaning is received quickly and without hesitation. As such, a lot of information can be grasped by the reader, and the picture will be more logical and organized. Some poems have very shortened verses, and this gives a very quick rhythm to a poem. It keeps a person in the moment, inspiring to action and a clear way of thinking. (Shakespeare style). That fool, all foul and pitifully looking Dost thou not learn how to correctly dance? If ye has chosen entertainer’s fate That taken kindness from your unresolved inside?Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Yeats poetic style specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Who’s guilty time will show As every day is filled with a reminder To understand what’s meant by the presented man A hundred years won’t clear the fact of quarrel. Refe rences Chaudhry, Y. (2001). Yeats, the Irish Literary Revival and the Politics of Print. Dublin, Ireland: Cork University Press. Unterecker, J. (1996). A Readers Guide to William Butler Yeats. New York, NY: Syracuse University Press.

Visual culture and society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Visual culture and society - Essay Example This makes it evident that visual perception, as a tool, plays a major role in human’s approach to life. As per my observation, usage of visual perceptions as a tool to build made-up impressions has a negative impact on individuals’ lifestyles because it provides a fabricated sense of reality. There are a number of evidences that I can provide in order to back up my position about this issue in hand. For instance, in my opinion, advertisement of â€Å"Sting†, an energy drink, portrays a person to get energized after drinking it. However, in real terms, the drink contains a high level of sugar and toluene, which is harmful for human body. In the same way, I have noticed that advertisements of certain brands of cigarettes promote male sexuality, but in reality it harms the society and individuals smoking cigarettes. In addition, ramp modeling, cosmetic advertisements and other fashion industry platforms promote the concept of Barbie-like figure. Consequently, teenagers take harmful slimming pills to gain attractive and slim bodies, which in reality are hard to achieve and should not be considered as a benchmark for beauty because every person is different from other. In my opinion, while looking at certain images and other visual coverage, people thoughts and beliefs are subjected to change as the characters portrayed through images influence them. Vision consists of intangible properties which are invisible, disembodied and dematerialized. Though, not all beliefs can be regarded as negative but it has been seen that most of the cognitive development in individuals is hampered by visionary experiences. It is also seen that most of the general lifestyles of individuals are troubled as they are continuously comparing their lifestyles with those images and characters, which are presenting a luxurious life style. Many individuals or viewers are seen exposed to images, which may cause them to carry out behaviors, which may not be acceptable in the society they

Business submission Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business submission - Essay Example ch activities include; shifting manufacturing techniques or method, adopting new, better input materials, re-utilizing materials on site, and adoption of new product changes as well. Note that this has no exclusion to other firms under the same industry (Leipziger 2010). Precautionary approach to environmental challenges on the other hand involves organized use of risk assessment through identification of hazardous features or characteristics, management, as well as risk communication. This is based on the degree of certainty as shown by scientific evaluation techniques which must be conducted prior. Under this principle, the following activities by the organization in question (Microsoft) and its competitors have been witnessed. Provision of better information to the clients, communicating possible risk to the customers, the surroundings, or even the public and obtaining prior permission before certain commodities, are thought to be potentially harmful (Akhtarkhavari 2010). My position is to encourage these organizations to continue with such practices since they are essential in the compliance with the two principles of Global Compact. Despite the fact that the above business practices aim at compliance with the two principles I mentioned earlier, they also come with little side effects which we must agree to take charge of. To begin with, there are positive lessons learnt from the activities of Microsoft as it aims to comply with the two principles under the Global Compact. These include; the implementation of environmental friendly technologies that help in reduction on the use of raw materials, which in turn result into increased efficiency. Secondly, innovations pertaining to technology create a new whole world of more superior business opportunities which in turn helps the business to remain or win competitive advantage over others in the same industry. Furthermore, such technologies that use input materials more efficiently and even cleanly may be applied

Direct Solicitation and Making the Case( Narrative) Essay

Direct Solicitation and Making the Case( Narrative) - Essay Example Each night 20 to 25 volunteers help in serving the meals. The Cathedral Kitchen runs the Culinary Arts Training (CAT) Program. The 17-week program seeks to impart knowledge and develop high-quality culinary skills in learners (The Cathedral Kitchen ). Each year, the program enrolls forty students all of whom are trained free-of-charge: the Kitchen meets the costs of their textbooks, meals and uniforms. In addition, the Kitchen assists the students with job placements at no cost. This paper seeks to raise $270,200 to help increase the intake into the CAT program from the current forty to eighty. The paper explains how this amount is going to be raised by each of two methods of solicitation: email and traditional mail solicitation. This phase of our funds drive targets the business community in Camden City. Indeed, the business community has stood by the Cathedral Kitchen since its inception in 1976(The Cathedral Kitchen). The City’s small and medium enterprises and large corporations alike have continually supported us by making donations in both cash and kind. Therefore, we are once more counting on their unceasing generous support to help us raise the initial $270,200 we need to double our intake from the current forty to eighty students. In recent years, the Cathedral Kitchen has been receiving an ever growing number of applications for the CAT program. However, given the limited capacity of the program, many qualified candidates have been turned down. Hence, the need to expand the program. Even though by doubling our intake we still may not be able to take in everyone, we believe the move is a step in the right direction. Most of our students are drawn from some of the poorest families in Camden Ci ty and elsewhere in the state of New Jersey. Therefore, by keeping a student in the CAT program, one is transforming an entire family. Our graduates are employed and serve in the

Ancient Egyptian Art & Architecture Essay Example for Free

Ancient Egyptian Art Architecture Essay Due to the scarcity of wood the two predominant building materials used in ancient Egypt were sun-baked mud bricks and stone, mainly limestone but also sandstone and granite in considerable quantities. From the Old Kingdom onward, stone was generally reserved for tombs and temples, while bricks were used even for royal palaces, fortresses, the walls of temple precincts and towns, and for subsidiary buildings in temple complexes. The core of the pyramids came from stone quarried in the area already while the limestone, now eroded away, that was used to face the pyramids came from the other side of the Nile River and had to be quarried, ferried across, and cut during the dry season before they could be pulled into place on the pyramid. Ancient Egyptian houses were made out of mud collected from the Nile river. It was placed in molds and left to dry in the hot sun to harden for use in construction. Many Egyptian towns have disappeared because they were situated near the cultivated area of the Nile Valley and were flooded as the river bed slowly rose during the millennia, or the mud bricks of which they were built were used by peasants as fertilizer. Others are inaccessible (unapproachable), new buildings having been erected on ancient ones. Fortunately, the dry, hot climate of Egypt preserved some mud brick structures. Examples include the village Deir al-Madinah, the Middle Kingdom town at Kahun, and the fortresses at Buhen and Mirgissa. Also, many temples and tombs have survived because they were built on high ground unaffected by the Nile flood and were constructed of stone. Thus, our understanding of ancient Egyptian architecture is based mainly on religious monuments, massive structures characterized by thick, sloping walls with few openings, possibly echoing a method of construction used to obtain stability in mud walls. In a similar manner, the incised and flatly modeled surface adornment (decoration) of the stone buildings may have derived from mud wall ornamentation. Although the use of the arch was developed during the fourth dynasty, all monumental buildings are post and lintel constructions, with flat roofs constructed of huge stone blocks supported by the external walls and the closely spaced columns. Exterior and interior walls, as well as the columns and piers (landing place) were covered with hieroglyphic and pictorial (symbolic) frescoes and carvings painted in brilliant colors. Many motifs (design) of Egyptian ornamentation are symbolic, such as the scarab or sacred beetle, the solar disk and the vulture. Other common motifs include palm leaves, the papyrus plant, and the buds and flowers of the lotus. Hieroglyphs were inscribed for decorative purposes as well as to record historic events or spells. In addition, these pictorial frescoes and carvings allow us to understand how the Ancient Egyptians lived, statuses, wars that were fought and their beliefs. This was especially true when exploring the tombs of Ancient Egyptian officials in recent years. Ancient Egyptian temples were aligned with astronomically significant events, such as solstices and equinoxes, requiring precise (accurate) measurements at the moment of the particular event. Measurements at the most significant temples may have been ceremonially undertaken by the Pharaoh himself. Art Forms: Ancient Egyptian art forms are characterized by regularity and detailed depiction of gods, human beings, heroic battles, and nature, and were intended to provide solace to the deceased in the afterlife. Egyptian art in all forms obeyed one law: the mode of representing Pharaohs, gods, man, nature and the environment. Ancient Egyptian art displays an extraordinarily vivid representation of the Ancient Egyptians socioeconomic status and belief systems. Architecture: Ancient Egyptian architects used sun-dried and kiln-baked bricks, fine sandstone, limestone and granite. Hieroglyphic and pictorial carvings in brilliant colors were abundantly used to decorate Egyptian structures. Papyrus: Papyrus is a plant. Papyrus was used by ancient Egyptians for writing and painting. Papyrus texts illustrate all dimensions of ancient Egyptian life and include literary, religious, historical and administrative documents. Pottery: Ancient Egyptians used steatite (some varieties were called soapstone). Different types of pottery items were deposited in tombs of the dead. Some such pottery items represented interior parts of the body, like the lungs, the liver and smaller intestines, which were removed before embalming (the art and science of temporarily preserving human remains). Sculpture: The ancient art of Egyptian sculpture evolved to represent the ancient Egyptian gods, Pharaohs, and the kings and queens, in physical form. Very strict conventions were followed while crafting statues: male statues were darker than the female ones; in seated statues, hands were required to be placed on knees and specific rules governed appearance of every Egyptian god. Egyptian Art Ancient Egyptian art is the painting, sculpture, architecture and other arts produced by the civilization in the lower Nile Valley from 5000 BC to 300 AD. Ancient Egyptian art reached a high level in painting and sculpture, and was both highly stylized and symbolic. Much of the surviving art comes from tombs and monuments and thus there is an emphasis on life after death and the preservation of knowledge of the past. The quality of observation and execution started at a high level and remained near that level throughout the 2nd and 3rd dynasty. Paintings: Egyptian painting is said to be one of the most unique and mysterious attributes of Egypt. Egyptian painting is not oil-based or fresco-based, it is tempura-based. All Egyptian reliefs were painted on a flat surface. Pigments were mostly mineral, chosen to withstand strong sunlight without fading. The binding medium used in painting remains unclear. After painting, a varnish or resin was usually applied as a protective coating. The paintings were often made with the intent of making a pleasant afterlife for the deceased. Some tomb paintings show activities that the deceased were involved in when they were alive and wished to carry on doing for eternity. Egyptian paintings are painted in such a way to show a profile view and a side view of the animal or person. Periods in Art: The Ancient Egyptian art style is known as Amarna art. It was characterized by a sense of movement and activity in images. Also, the human body is portrayed differently in Amarna style artwork than Egyptian art on the whole. Faces are still shown exclusively in profile.

Burton Snowboards Business Analysis Essay -- Business Marketing Analyz

Burton Snowboards Business Analysis Burton Snowboards takes surfing to the mountains, with premium snowboards and equipment. Jake Burton, the world’s first snowboard maker, founded the company in 1977 in Londonberry, Vermont. Despite it being small and privately owned, Burton is the industry leader in snowboards and equipment controlling 40% total market share in the winter sports industry. Burton is a global business with its main headquarters in Vermont, Japan and Austria and worldwide distribution capabilities in over 35 countries. Burton Snowboards operates three factory outlet stores in Vermont, Massachusetts, and Austria. To create buzz marketing, Burton encourages newbie’s to experience the slopes with its Learn To Ride (LTR) line of equipment and programs at ski resorts nationally. In the past few years, Burton has started independent companies, which have their own individual identities and products. Burton has also created one of the most extensive online shopping experiences for its clientele. (www.burton.com) Strengths   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Burton attributed to the development of the sport of snowboarding, as it was the first and oldest manufacturer. The company has a loyal customer base and an established retail distribution channel. Burton provides customers with an interactive online website. In order to provide help to mountain resorts to attract and retain snowboarders, Burton’s primary customer base, they have created integral relationships with resorts by providin...

Despite several attempts to regulate campaign finance, money increasingly dominates the US electoral process

In recent years the increase in money poured into US elections has created a seemingly money dominated election with some arguing success relies on the highest level of campaign funding. As a result of the Watergate scandal The Federal Election Campaign Act of 1974 attempted to make a number of significant changes. However with the increased regulations there have been increased loopholes and many ways to get around these regulations, many donating large sums of money argue they are not the most important part of the campaign and the significance still lies with the Candidates strength and skills. But as the 2008 and 2012 hugely exceeded the expenditure of any previous election it is clearly to see money is playing an increasingly significant role. FECA of 1974 aimed to reduce candidates’ reliance on few wealthy donors and equalise money spent by the major parties. This law was however weakened by the Supreme #Court in the Buckley v Valeo ruling that limitations on what individuals or PACs could spend infringed the 1st amendment. In a similar case the 2010 Citizens united v FEC decision restrictions on corporations was removed leading to Super PACs. These played a significant role in the fundraising and spending in the 2012 presidential election. Supporters see them as a positive consequence of free speech, however many see that they are yet another outlet for unlimited money in electoral politics. It is evident to see that money is the arguably the most significant part of the election process due. Barack Obama has taken part is the two most expensive elections, with 1. 1 billion being raised by Obama in 2012, raising more than Romney and subsequently won the presidential election. The increasing importance of finance has been shown by Obama’s actions in 2008, when he rejected federal funding in order to avoid restrictions on his spending, aware of the advantage of large fundraising support. Indeed in 2012, neither Romney nor Obama took matching funds and neither did any of Romney’s rivals in the Republican primaries suggesting an end to the era of matching funds. Campaign finance has not been sufficiently regulated; this is partly why it is increasingly dominate in the electoral process. As the campaign increases in length, and the apparent non-stop campaigning of US politics, with the invisible primaries, primaries and mid-term elections it is increasingly essential that candidates receive financial support and the need for bigger and earlier funds to compete in all rounds of the election process. The need to campaign through increasingly expensive TV adverts is ever the more important, as these target a large audience and can be very effective in building up own support or knocking an oppositions support. Money is also the most important factor due to the diversity and size of the American electorate. Many interests need to be targeted and this relies on different angles of campaigning with different emphasises on differing policies for individual groups of the electorate. For example Obama in 2012 gained a significant proportion of Latin voters – a +44% advantage over Romney – and targeted these voters with information about immigration. The need to reach out to such a large demographic of voters further puts strains on the costing of elections. Many states require visits and this insures great travel costs for each of the candidates as they go on election tours and rallys. Obama in 2012 visited 4 states in one day in November – New Hampshire, Florida, Ohio and Colorado. As the elections become ever closer swing states also play a higher significance and winning these states have a higher impact on the outcome of the election, visiting these is of primary importance and more money in advertising is require for these states due to the difference undecided voters can make. As the campaign extends and increases more political advisers are typically hired by candidates, Romney in 2012 had 24 Foreign Policy advisors working with him throughout the campaign. However, although money plays a part in the campaign, especially from an administrative point of view it is not the main deciding factor in a candidate’s success. Despite the spending of Bush in 2004 he would have most likely won despite this funding, and Romney is 2008 was the highest spender in the Republican primaries but was not the eventual winner. The use of the free media by candidates is limited and this requires to be bought supporting the argument of the significance of finance, however commercials can backfire and if the candidate is not a strong candidate with wide support this can cost them an election e. g. Bush and Willie Horton. The influence adverts has shown a higher significance media has rather than money being most dominant. This can be supported by the Presidential TV debates, where verbal errors can be costly and have proved difficult for many candidates for example Mondale in 1984. Elections can be won or loss due to the outcome of these debates, debates often do more to confirm what voters already feel about candidates and can challenge and influence de-aligned voters and can convert passive audiences. However the significance of these can be questioned, very few debates have been controversial or change the course of election events out of 30 debates that have taken place. Media today allows for 24hr news on cable and network TV. Radio, websites, social media and smart phones also play an increasingly role with many crediting Obama’s success among younger voters to the influence of social media. The media set the agenda, amplify debate and frame debates and messages. The role of policy and a candidate’s personal strengths can be said to play the most significant part. Opinions on key issues such as the economy in 2012, views and actions to tackle these key issues are likely to change voters’ minds and capture undecided voters. For example the swing voters play a large impact on deciding who wins an election, many in 2012 believe Obama’s ‘Latin vote advantage’ won him the election over Mitt Romney, and in a Reuters poll 61% of mothers felt the country was on the wrong track favouring their vote against the incumbent president. In conclusion, money does not guarantee electoral success but it is increasingly difficult to win without large funds due to the financial demands of the elongated campaigns and reliance on advertising. It is capturing the vote of most Americans that is most essential and significant in the election, and although this can be easier done with financial backing, finance does not necessarily affect people’s opinions presidential candidates and key issues. But as elections get increasingly expensive the dominance of money may lead to a situation whereby only wealthy candidates are able to mount a successful attempt at winning the presidential election.

Use of drugs among teenagers in the United States

Interesting trends regarding the use of drugs among teenagers in the United States have begun to be revealed through the work of various researchers. While in some key areas, the use of drugs has declined, in other areas increases have been found to exist in teenagers’ use of drugs. Such areas in which such trends have been detected include use of particular types of drugs, the availability of these to the students, and the demographic that is exposed to the drugs. Such substances as methamphetamine, marijuana, and prescription medication are drugs that have seen either increases or decreases in their general trends, and differences are being studied and detected in the genders’ response to these substances. This essay will define such trends and attempt to give gender-based reasons why these have occurred.The use of methamphetamine among students has demonstrated a decrease between 2005 and 2006. Usage by tenth grade students has decreased over the year I. The decline rate among females has been from 3 to 2 percentII. The decline rate among males has been from 2.6 percent to 1.7 percentUsage by twelfth grade students has decreased over the year I. The decline rate among females is unsure but is suspected to be roughly the same as for malesII.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The decline rate among males has been from 9 percent to 7.4 percentThe use of marijuana among students has demonstrated a decrease between the years 2005 and 2006. Usage by tenth grade students has decreased over the year I. The decline rate for lifetime users was 2.3%II. The decline rate in the availability of the drug is 1.9%Usage by twelfth grade students has decreased over the year I. It has been the trend for females to use less marijuana than malesII.The decline rate among females is unsure, but is suspected to be greater than that of malesIII.The decline rate among males has been from 9% to 7.4%The use of other drugs among students has demonstrated an increase between 2002 and 2006 . Usage of MDMA (ecstasy) by females students has increased over the year I.         Use has gone up from 2.7 percent to 4.0 percent.II.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This represents an increase of 1.3 percentUsage of all illicit drugs (apart from marijuana) by males is shown to be above that of females Usage of all illicit drugs (apart from marijuana) by males is shown to be on the decline. The use of drugs among males and females is influenced by different gender-based situations. Men are more likely to have opportunities to use drugs than women Men are more likely than women to abuse drugs such as marijuana and alcohol Women are more likely to become addicted to sedatives I. Women take more time to report drug dependenceII. Women often use drugs in response to depression or eating disorders.Men and women differ in the effect that drug use has on their life choices I.  Men are less likely to be drop out of high school as a result of drug use.II.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Women are more li kely to drop out of high school as a result of drug use.III.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Drug use in both sexes affects future regarding job qualifications and outcomes.Works CitedBustos, Jennifer. â€Å"Gender Differences in Drug Use.† St. Martin’s University. Lacey, WA.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://homepages.stmartin.edu/students/jennifer.bustos/256,1,Gender Differences in Drug   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   UseLattimer, W. W., L. J. Floyd, M. Vasquez, M. O’Brien, A, Arzola and N. Rivera. â€Å"Substance Use   Ã‚   Among School-based Youths in Puerto Rico: Difference between Gender and Grade   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Levels.† Addictive Behavior. Vol. 29. No. 8. 2004. pp.1689-64.Lynch, Wendy J., Megan E. Roth and Marilyn E. Carroll. â€Å"Biological Basis of Sex Difference in   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Drug Abuse: Pre-Clinical and Clinical Studies.† Psychopharmacology. Vol. 164: 121-   137, 2002.Naylor, Adam., Doug Ga rdner and Len Zaichowsky. â€Å"Drug Use Patterns Among High School   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Athletes and Nonathletes – Statistical Data Included.† Adolescence. Winter, 2001.NIDA. â€Å"Gender Differences in Drug Abuse Risks and Treatments.† The National Institute on   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Drug Abuse. Vol. 15. 4, 2000.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.nida.nih.gov/NIDA_Notes/NNVol15N4/tearoff.htmlNIDA. â€Å"High School and Youth Trends: NIDA Infofacts.† The National Institute on Drug    Abuse.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2006.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.nida.nih.gov/pdf/infofacts/HSYouthTrends07.pdfRassino, Brian E., Sheila C. Ribordy, Kathryn Grant, Joseph R. Ferrari, Blake S. Bowden, and   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Jennifer Zeisz. â€Å"Gender-Related Processes and Drug Use: Self-Expression with Parents,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Peer Group S election, and Achievement Motivation.† Adolescence. Spring, 2004.Ringel, J., R. L. Collins and P. L. Ellickson. â€Å"High School Drug Use Predicts Job-Related   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Outcomes at Age 29.† Addictive Behaviors. Vol. 32. No. 3, 2006. pp. 576-589.

Psychology of a Cult

Psychology of a Cult Free Online Research Papers Jim Jones, Charlie Manson, David Koresh and Marshall Applewhite all were able to convince their followers to kill others and/or themselves. How were these men able to control full grown adults who had fully functioning minds? It wasn’t as hard as you might think. First look at the definition of a cult: a cult is a structured group in which most of its members have unquestioned loyalty to their leader. By this definition the military has cult like characteristics, so does the Catholic Church. Even organizations like Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and Narcotics Anonymous (NA) demonstrate some cult like characteristics. So why, when we think of a cult don’t we think of these organizations? A solider will follow his/her superior’s orders without a second thought and a good Catholic follows whatever the Pope decides. The key difference is the psychology of the organization. A non-cult organization may have cult like characteristics; however its main focus is outward, the well being of its members and even non-members; a cult’s main focus is itself. In addition, cults use deception to entice members to join and coercive influences to keep them in line. Government officials estimate that there are currently over 3,000 destructive cults in the US today with approximately four million members. These cults can be broken down into four basic categories: Religious organizations like The People’s Temple Psychological organizations offering enlightenment such as Heavens Gate or Scientology. Commercial pyramid and multi-level marketing groups like Amway or Mary Kay (These are typically the least destructive) Political organizations that are organized around dogma like Al Qaeda Why so many? According to psychologist and cult expert, Margaret Thaler Singer, cults thrive in times of political and social unrest. Times like now and in the 1960’s. Many people don’t understand how cult members can carry out such extreme acts of violence or socially abnormal behavior. They wonder if the members are psychological ill. The answer to that question would be yes and no. Cult leaders seek out members who are not psychologically ill, but people who are in crisis. Recruiters single out people who have key situational elements. Examples of these elements would be a young adult experiencing extreme loneliness, a man suffering from adjustment disorder stemming from his divorce, or new college graduates who are at a crossroads in his/her life and unsure what direction to turn. Recruiters are trained to listen and appear sympathetic and to offer assurances that their group can help ease the individual’s plight. Once inducted recruits may suffer psychological disorders such as dissociative identity disorder, adjustment disorder and major depression. These disorders, coupled with influential tactics that are used by cult leaders, can make members pliable to leaders’ demands. Studies show that cult leaders use about thirty influence tactics. Some of these tactics are used to attract members and another set is used to keep members under control. Influence tactics used to keep members under control are designed to target their psychological defenses. Some of these tactics are used by the military. One of these tactics is called â€Å"The Hot Seat Technique.† An example of this technique would be a member called out by the leader in front of the entire group. This member is forced to confess their transgressions in public. The leader then berates the member for their transgressions and once they have been humiliated the leader then offers a loving commendation for the member’s honesty and gives the member encouragement that they can keep believing in the leader’s message. The purpose of this technique is to lower self esteem. By keeping self esteem low, it has been proven that people are more persuadable than when they have high to moderate self-esteem. So, by keeping members minds pliable and working off the psychological studies which show that in times of crisis people will react uniformly rather than individually the leaders will be able to, with some certainty, ensure that the members will follow orders without question. It’s the same principle that the military uses to ensure that a solider will follow orders without question. And how do you know if someone may be under a cult’s influence? There are nine tell tale symptoms to be watchful for: Personality Change Dramatic shift in beliefs Diet changes Refusal to attend family functions such as weddings, graduations, ECT. Inability to make decisions without input of the groups leader Sudden and excessive use of ideology Simplistic reasoning Using complex vocabulary Attempted recruitment of you If someone you know is exhibiting these symptoms help is available. There are community resources available to help the psychological recovery of former cult members. You may also want to contact your local division of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) for further information on suspected cult activity. And remember that the next time you rush to judgment about the actions of a cult’s members, keep in mind that everyone can be susceptible given the right set of circumstances. References: www.workingpsychology.com/cult.html, Rhodes, Kelton Phd. Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology, www.gale.com Research Papers on Psychology of a CultThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseQuebec and CanadaCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andThe Project Managment Office SystemResearch Process Part OneEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenBringing Democracy to AfricaThree Concepts of PsychodynamicAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2